Efficiency of monovalent and polyvalent Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus vaccines on the immune response and protection in gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata (L.) against vibriosis

This experimental studies investigated the protective efficiencies and the potential immune mechanisms of vibrio monovalent and polyvalent autogenous formalin-inactivated whole-cell bacterins (FKC) in Gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) cultured in Egypt. Two months post-vaccination, the relative percentage survival (RPS) was estimated after challenge with the vaccine's homologues pathogenic strains. The survival values were 100% and 83.3% in groups immunized with monovalent V. alginolyticus or V. parahaemolyticus FKC bacterins, respectively. On the other hand, survival values were 91.75% and 75% in fish groups subjected to polyvalent (V. parahaemolyticus O11: K40 & V. alginolyticus) and (V. parahaemolyticus O3: K6 & V. alginolyticus) FKC bacterins, respectively. Overall, the tested vaccine preparations were significantly increased (P < 0.05) the agglutination antibody titer, phagocytic activity, respiratory burst activity, when compared to the non-immunized control group. The current results conclude that, autogenous Vibrio vaccines provoked a promising protection against vibriosis in Gilthead sea bream cultured in Egypt, it was superior in monovalent FKC V. alginolyticus vaccine and polyvalent FKC of V. parahaemolyticus O11: K40 with V. alginolyticus vaccine that could be useful means of prevention and control of vibriosis.