Recognising both the urgency and the need for global efforts to address AMR through a One Health approach, world leaders at the 79th United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted a Political Declaration on AMR that commits every country to measurable action by 2030, including cutting global AMR-related deaths by 10 % and reducing antibiotic use across agri-food systems. The declaration stresses the need for accelerated research and development (R&D) and wider uptake of preventative measures, particularly vaccines. WOAH identifies prevention (through appropriate animal husbandry practises, improved biosecurity and the use of vaccines) as one of four strategic priorities (alongside cross-sector coordination, surveillance and sustainable financing) for tackling AMR. This emphasis was reinforced at WOAH’s 92nd General Session (May 2025) during which Members voted in favour of the adoption of Resolution 29 which recommends that “WOAH updates the list of priority diseases for which vaccines could reduce AMU” (Recommendation 10), in alignment with commitment #72 from the 79th UNGA political declaration on AMR. WOAH had previously convened ad hoc working groups to produce the first global lists of priority diseases for which new or improved vaccines could meaningfully lower antimicrobial use in swine, poultry, and fish (2015) and cattle, sheep, and goats (2018). However, the landscape has evolved: novel and re-emerging pathogens, climate-linked disease pressures, rapidly advancing vaccine technologies and fresh political commitments all demand an updated, forward-looking prioritisation. Refreshing the list of animal diseases for which new vaccines would have the greatest impact on AMU is therefore critical to align R&D and manufacturing investments in the mid- long-term, as well as to guide short-term implementation efforts for tangible impact before next UNGA High-Level meeting on AMR, planned for 2029.